Controller composing-machine.



J. B. CHURCH.

CONTROLLER COMPOSING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 001222, 1902. RENEWED 001. 14, 1903.

91 5,553. Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. B. CHURCH.

CONTROLLER COMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION EILED 001 .22, 1902. RENEWED 00114, 1903.

9 1 5,553 Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

(Juvenfo:

J. B. CHURCH.

CONTROLLER COMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 001222, 1902. RENEWED O0T.14, 1903.

Mam,

Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

with ease J. B. CHURCH. CONTROLLER composure MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.22, 1902. RENEWED OCT. 14, 1903. I 91 5 ,553 Patented Mar. 16, 1909. 11 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

J. B. CHURCH.

CONTROLLER GOMPOSING MAUHINE.

APPLIOATION FILLED 00122, 1902. RENEWED 001214, 1903.

91 5,553. Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

J, B. CHURCH. CONTROLLER GOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED 00T.22, 1902. RENEWED 001214, 1903.

915,553. Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

1 innuendo:

J. B. CHURCH.

CONTROLLER comrosme MACHINE.

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11 SHEETSSHEET 7.

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l wwwmgl 1 vihwooco y M J. B. CHURCH.

CONTROLLER oomrosme MAGHINB.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.22, 1902. RENEWED 00T.14, 1903. 91 5 ,553 Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

11 snnmssmm Elm E I I l J. B. CHURCH.

CONTROLLER UOMPOSING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 001222, 1902. RENEWED 00114. 1903.

91 5,553 Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 9.

J. B. CHURCH.

CONTROLLER COMPOSING MAGHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 001222, 1902. RENEWED 0013.14, 1903.

Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

I 11 SHEETS-SHEET 10.

' "WM fox WE tvwowo .T. B. CHURCH.

GONTROLLER COMPOSING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED 0012 2, 1902. RENEWED OUT. 14, 1903.

91 5 553. Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 11.

oooooooeooeooe QQOOOGGQQDQGOOG QQGOOOOOGVQOQQOG oooo'ooooaooeooo 43 ooooooooooooooo ooooooooooooaoe oooooooeooooooo ooooeoooooooooo ogooooooeoooooo cameo-0000000000 QHUcHI-O: oooooooeo eooooo I ooooooooooooooo JV: humans GQOQOGQOGOOQOQO tion, and to the gures and signals set up or 30 type, both as to character and 50 line of 'predetermlne UNI ED sTAtrEs Pn IE T OFFICE.

JOSEPH B. CHURCH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT oF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR 'ro LANSTON MONOTYPE MACHINE COMPANY, or NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA.

, CONTROLLER COMPOSING-MACHINE.'

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 16, 1909.

Application filed October 22, 1902, Serial-No. 188,812. Renewedflctober 14, 1908. Serial 1'0; 117,017..

To all whom it may concerni Be-it known that I, JosEP B. CHURCH, of Washington, District of Columbia, have in- I vented certain new and useful Improvements 5 in Controller Composinfi-Machines; andI do hereby declare the fo owing to be-a full, clear, and exact description. of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formin a part of-this specificalette'rs of reference marked thereon This inventionrelates to the class of composing machines'inwhich' the characters, spaces, justification, etcvare represented by produced-in a controller, the latter constituting the overning element of an automatic typogra hie machine, such as type andmatrix I'na 'ng,- type setting,- typewriting, linotype and other'machines',

and for purposes of illustration and explanation is herein shown'as applied to the con- ,troller or record strip composing machine of Patent No. 654,115. In this exam Ie the controller takes the form of a per orated strip of paper or other material, the perforations constituting signals through the nIe--' dium of which automatic mechanisms are governed. Each complete signal includes one or more perforations and re resents a imen's'ion, and with each series of signals representing a line. of composition is associated one or more special signals representing justification,.that is, the amount of space to be added to thenormal or assigned value ,of certain ;type, such as spaces, in order to absorblthe ascertained shortage or deficiency which would exist in the line if type of normal or standard dimensions were employed.

In the machine of the patent mentionedv composition is effected through the medium of a series of keys, one for each character, space and justification fraction, said keys controlling a series of punches, for producing the signals, and a measuring and indicating mechanism for designating thejustification keys appropriate to the line. Com osition is effected by-actuating the keys untl all the matter that can pro erly be included in a dimensions has been set up, whereupon, if the'line is notexactly filled, theoperator, observing the indicator, strikes the justification keys or key designated thereon and in the ,order'given to thereby produce the justification=signal or signals appropriate to that line.

In the example illustrated two sets of justification signals are employed to control difierent adjustin mechanisms, each set bein represented y its own senes of keys, the atter desi atnig diflt'erent degrees of variation as app 'ed to its particular mechan 625,998, wherein provision is made for stopping the machine automatically whenever a short or longline is presented. But such stoppages are undesirable, as involving loss of time and a proportionate reduction In the producing capacity of the machine; moreover much time is wasted at the composing machine in readi'ng'the indications and selecting the designated justification keys.

The errors referred to as resulting from faulty justification originate with the operusually be traced to one or more of the foilowing sources: (1) omission of justification signals where required; (2) the production of erroneous justification signals; (3) interrupting the line before the justification area is reached orthe'isignals pertaining thereto become effective; and (4) continuing composition. beyond the justification area. Whenever either of the foregoing events ha ens the line as produced by the con-. tro or will be abnormal, that is, either too long or too short.

Nowthis'invention has for its principal objects the elimination of these sources of error, and, incidentally, to materially increase the output both at the composing and at the casting or other typographic machine. To this end the invention consists, first, in the employment of a proportional divider mechanism or system for automatically se-' lecting the justification signals appropriate to the line and forming connections for producing said signals; second,- means for automatically producing the justification signals so designated, by the act of resetting-the ator at the composing machine and mav composing machine for a new line, to insure the formation of proper justification signals when the line is filled, to prevent overrunning and the consequent long lines; fourth, an automatwcut out, to prevent the terminatmg of a l ne of composition before the 10 justif cation area is reached, thereby avoiding short lines; fifth, a look-out for the character signal devices brou ht into action While the justification signa s are being produced, and operating to prevent the forma tion of character signals until-justification has been completed and the .machine reset for a new line; and', siXth,-numerous novel arrangements and combinations of ,parts and elements incident to or embodied in the com; plete organization, all as hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanyin drawings illustrating the preferred form' 0 embodiment of the said 1nvention-Figure 1 is a front elevation of a keyboard perforating machine with the improved automatic justification control mechanism apg lied thereto in the form of an attachment. i 2 is a vertical section. Fig. 3 is a front 0 evation of the'proportional divider system and connections detached from the principal perforating mechanism. Fig. 4 is a top plan view of said detached system. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the divisor actuating devices. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on line :nr, Fig. 3. Fig. 7 is a detail view partly in section showing the pivot of the dividend element and manner of su porting its controlling device. Fig. 8 is a etail view of the divisor brake and Fig. 9 is a sectional view thereof. Fig. 10 is. a front elevation of the interponent system intermediate the dividend element and the 'ustification punches for controlling the selection of the letter. Fig. 11 is an end view of the interponent system. Fig. 12 is a sectional view of one of the valve controllers of the interponent system. Fig. 13 is a front elevation. Fig. 14 is a top plan viewpartly in section and Fig. 15 is an end elevatlon of the automatic control mechanism for establishing connection between the divider system and the inte onent system. Fig. 16 is an end view and Fi 17 a rear elevation of the starting devices for the automatic control system and the resetting devices. Fig. 18 is a detail view of the throttled discharge for the air check. Fig. 19 is a section through the control valve. Fig. 20 is a section through the starting or actuator valve. Fig.

21 is a section through the spring box.

Fig. 22 is a front elevation. Fig. 23 is a top plan view, and Fig 24 a vertical section of the automaticresetting or release mechanism. Fig. 25 is a diagrammatic view representing the lines of connection and control between the several members of the complete system. 7

Similar characters in the several figures indicate like parts.

The controller or record-strip perforating mechanism illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 is that of Patent No. 654,115, but modified in the following particulars, vizzvthe two rows of justification keys and the justification indicator are omitted, and the connection between the resetting key and resetting valve is broken, as well as those between the j ustification-wedge designating punches and the keys.

For purposes of identification the following designation of some of the principal ele ments will suffice. 1, the'series of punches; 2, the punch levers; 3, punch pistons; 4 rocking .frame for actuating paper feed 5 units motor rack ofthe line measuring devices; 6, shaft which formerly rotated the justification indicator; 7, valved finger keys'controlling the two. groups of 'the punches, one for designating co umn and the other row or position in column; 8 motor cylinder for advancing rack 5; 9, motor return cylinder for retracting rack 5; 10 measuring stops; 11

resetting key; 12 rock shaft controlling inlet and exhaust in cylinders 8 and 9; 13, pressure chamber; and 14 pipes connecting the punch cylinders with ducts controlled by key valves.

The keys are arranged in rows and columns,

those of each row controlling the admission and each responding to a column of ke s; and

a third roup pertaining to the just' cation wed e .se ectmg punches.

T e advance of the line measuring devices, re resented by rack 5, under pressure in cy inder 8 is measured and controlled by an escapementmechanism including measuring stops 10 carried by the punch levers conlOt nected to the column ducts 1629. Thus when any key is depressed it not only actuates the punches for producing the row and column signals but, through the column punch lever, it advances the line measuring devices a distance proportional to the unit value of the column in which the key is located. In this machine'the line measuring mechanism operates by subtraction, the line or units motor rack bein set initially to re resent the full length of line, and the unit v' as of each type is subtracted therefrom for the lower row of keys is omitted, the' absence of column or row signals in the controller effecting a maximum movement of the die-case in the casting machine, hence signals for those extreme adjustments are or may be omitted. It may be further noted that the column punches, represented by the series ofcolumn ducts 16-29, when associated with one of the justification-wedge designating punches are utilized in producing the justification s' nals, the designating punches for selecting t e wedge to be adjusted, and punches 16-29 the degree of adjustment.

Heretofore the appropriate justification fractions were indicated, visually, to the operator who was required to translate the indications into signals by the selection and actuation ofthe designated keys, and it is one of the principal objects of the present invention to render this selection of keys,.or what is the same thing, of the punches controlled thereby, automatic and entirely-independent of the operator. To this end a novel proportional divider system has been devised for dividing the s ace remaining to be filled by justification y the number of justifying space type occurring in the line, the fraction thus obtained forming the measure for controlling a selecting or interponent system in designating justification signals appropriate to the line. The proportional divider system involves as its distinguishing feature a right angle triangle of which at least two sides are variable, the one proportionally to the space to be filled, and the other to the number of space type among which distribution is to be made. The three sides of the triangle involved in this proportional divider s stem are herein designated as the dividen divisor and quotient elements, of which the dividend element measures the space to be filled and is represented by pivoted bar 40, Fig. 3; the divisor denoting the number of divisions or'space type to be widened is represented by double knife edge 41 supported to reciprocate perpendicular to the base on a line intersecting the axis of the hypotenuse bar 40; and the quotient, which indicates the division e'll'ected and controls the selector or interponent system is represented by a straight edge 42 supported to reciprocate in a right line intersecting the perpendicular and hypotenuse. Although in the example given the hypotenuse of the triangle is assigned to the dividend, the perpendicular to the divisor, and the base to the quotient elements, it is obvious that these assignments may be transposed if desired and either side of'the triangle made to perform vthe correlative offices of measuring the space to be justified, dividing said space, and indicating the .fractional result.

Inasmuch as the present improvement is designed as an attachment to an existing form of perforating machine, the frame or plate 43 serving as a support therefor is detachably secured to the uprights carrying the paper feed and punches, said plate being located just in rear of the supports for cylinders 8 and 9. c

The pivoted hypotenuse bar or dividend 40 is furnished with two straight edges. or surfaces in the same plane, parallel with its center of motion and radial thereto. A rack bar 44 supported to reciprocate in guides par-' allel With the base line of the triangle is provided with a knife edge 45 engaging one of the straight edges of bar 40 and operates to vary the angle of said bar proportionally to the advance of the line measuring devices within the justification area. To this end said rack-bar 44 is engaged by a pinion 46 fast on shaft 6.

The divisor or double knife edge 41 is carried by a.block 47 supported to reciprocate in two planes at right angles, the one parallel with the path of rack-bar 44 and the other perpendicular thereto, to which end said lock 47 is mounted in guides on a cross head 48 carried by a slide 49, the latter moving in guides on plate 43 perpendicular to the guides for rack-bar 44. One edge of the double knife edge 41 is located in the plane of movement of one of the radial straight edges of the dividend element or bar 40, while the opposite edge is in the plane of the quotient e ement or straight edge 42 so that the permissible movement of said double knife-edge in a line parallel with the base of the triangle equals at all times the length of said base line as determined by the adjustment of slide 49. When in normal or zero position the line of motion of knife edge 41 in a horizontal direction coincides with the base of a right angle triangle whose perpendicular and hypotenuse are defined by straight edge 42 and bar 40 respectively, said base line constituting a gage of the measured deficiency of the line as determined by the angular position of bar 40. As the bases of similar right angle triangles vary in direct proportion to their perpendiculars, it is obvious that by shifting the position of knife edge 41 longitudinally of the perpendicular the length of its path, coinciding with the base line of the new triangle thus established, may be increased or diminished in any proportion as compared with the normal base or indicated deficiency of the line. Hence in effecting a division of the deficiency in the line by the number of space type contained therein the line of travel of knife edge 41 is shifted, through the medium of its supporting slide 49- so that it will intersect the perpendicular of the normal or basic triangle at t its length, measured from the apex, for two s aces, QOf its length for three spaces, its ength for four spaces and so on.

The mechanism for effecting theproportional movements of slide 49 is believed to be novel, and includes a radius bar 51 provided with two straight surfaces in a plane parallel with and radial to the axis of saidbar. One straight surface is engaged by a knife edge 53 carried by slide 49 and held in contact therewith by a spring 54 acting through a rod 55, lever 56 and link 57. The opposite straight surface contacts with a knife edge 58 mounted upon a bar 59 which is guided on plate 43 to move in a plane per endicular to slide 49. The bar 59 is provide with looking and positioning V-shaped depressions 60 and ratchet teeth 61, the latter engagedby a feeding pawl 62 deriving motion from the justification space key, as hereinafter explained. The knife edge 58 is located to 'one side of or below the axis of bar 51 a distance equal to the interval between successive ratchet teeth 61. The straight radial face of bar 51 engaged by said knife edge 58 is cut away near the axis of thebar, as seen in Fig. 3, to permit the knife edge to pass to one side of the radial line formed thereby, thus forming a lock for said bar 51 when in initial position, and permitting one advance movement of the bar 59 without a corresponding movement of radius bar 51. This is to permit at least one justifying space to be included without disturbing the relation of the divider element so that the maximum justification w ill be effective. The first movement of'knife edge 58 w ill carry it into the plane of the radius surface on bar 51, as seen in Fig. 3, without, however, permitting bar 51 to turn on its axis. The next succeeding advance ill result in a movement of bar 51 equal to one half of the perpendicular of an inverted right angle triangle formed by the lines of travel of knife edges 53 and 58 and of hich bar 51 constitutes the hypotenuse. The next advance of knife edge 53 w ill reduce the perpendicular to one third its original dimensions, the next to one fourth and so on. The divisor element 41 having thus been automatically set to correspond with the number of justifying space type or divisions to be formed, and the dividend element 40 adjusted proportionally to the amount of space remaining to be filled by justification, the proportionate amount to be assigned to each space type u ill be repre sented by the base of the right angled triangle, or the distance from the straight edge 42 standing parallel ith the line of motion of double knife edge 41 to the hypotenuse, represented by bar 40, on a line at right angles tothe perpendicular, and represented by the path of movement of said straight edge 42. To measure this base line it is only as would be necessary if straight edge 42 was in the plane of the perpendicular intersecting the axis of bar 40. The quotient element represented by straight edge 42 is carried by a slide 63 the latter guided to reci rocate on plate 43 in a path at right' ang es to said straight edge and parallel with bar 44. Slide 63 is held normally in retracted position against an adjustable-stop 64, and when advanced the extent of its motion corresponds with the length of the base of the triangle as determined by the position of the divisor 41 and dividend 40. The movement thus permitted the quotient element represents, proportionally, the amount to be added to each justifying space type in order to fill out the line, and it is only necessary to convert this measured motion into a selective or designating action inorder to indicate the appropriate justification signal producing devices. The means and method adopted for this purpose will depend largely upon the character of the machine and system to w hich it is applied.

The punch selecting or interponent system herein illustrated has been particularly adapted to the machine w ith v hich the present invention is associated, and is designed to deal w ith a duplex justification mechanism and to form separate signals of designation and position for each of said mechanisms.

The designating portion of the signal determines which of two measuring systems is to be acted upon, the one representing increments of .0075 of an inch and the other .0005 of an inch. To each system is assigned fifteen positions of adjustment represented by the punches pertaining to the column ducts 1630, Fig. 25. Both 'adjusting mechanisms are at all times active in the casting machine, hence their signals of position are to be taken into account. First as to the inajo'r or .0075 unit positioning signals. The fifteen progressive stages of adjustment are represented by the punches connected to ducts 16 to 29 (Fig. 25); 16 representing the minimum, 17 the next higher by .007 5 of an inch and so on'through the series. The full traverse of slide 63 is just equal, proportionally, to the entire justification area, and represents the maximum amount that can be added to one type to fill the line. A different standard may be adopted, but this will suflice for illustration. The maximum throw of slide 63 is divided into fifteen equal parts, each represented by a selector 65 (Figs-3 10 and 1;!) the latter I of uniform width an serially disposed parallel toone edge of a flan e or late 66 carried by said sli e. The p ate 6 is-furnished with a gate or notch 67 the entrance to which is 'ust wide enough to admit two selectors 65'.

en the quotient slide 63 is in retracted position the advanced edge of the notch just uncovers the first selector 65 and the latter remains uncovered during 1/15th of the maximum throw of slide 63, or until the rear. ed e of the notch advances in front of it, at

which instant the second selector is uncov ered, and so on through the'series, the several selectors being successively uncovered and so remaining during 1(15th of the maximum throw ofquotient s ide 63, "in the order 'of their progressive values. Each selector 65 is mounted upon a lever 68, pivot allysupported upon a frame 69 attached to is also rovided wit a port and passage 73.

which is covered by its piston 70 when retracted, .and uncovered, to admit pressure. from duct 72, when the piston is permitted;

to make its full stroke. Each port 73,, is connected b one of a series of pi es 74, Fig. 25, to one o the measuring punc cylinders;- or what is the same thing to one of the conduits leading from the column ducts 16-30 to saidcylinders; that is to say, the port 73 of the piston 70 pertaining to the first of the series of selectors 65 is cormected to duct 16, the second, to duct 17, the third to duct. 18, and so on through the series. It will be seen, therefore, that when the quotient slide 63 is arrested within any one of. the fifteen.

degrees into which its motionis divided, the selector 65 correspondin therewith will alone be, in condition to a vance, and when pressureis admitted to duct 72, by a key or be advanced,

otherwise, the designated selector w port 73 uncovered and ressure admitted to actuate the (piston of t e positionin punch co'rrespon ing in value with saidse ector. In order that the designatin perforation for the .0075 justification signa or perforation. may be produced simultaneously with the ositioning perforation it is only necessary tl iat the pressure su ply conduit 75 leading to duct 72 shoul be placed in communication with the cylinder 76 of the .0075 designating 1punch, as by a ext as to the branch pipe 77, Fig. 25.

fifteenth e'ree of adjustment.-

one selector. value would alone be counted.

or bhogjustification and pos tronmg' signals: Each major jiistification-adjustment is associated with aminor.

adjustment representing one ofjfifteen progressive stages with a uniform increment of .0O05 Inch; otherwise, stated, the signal is formed by a designating punch and one of the fourteen punches controlled by the column ducts 16- 29, the selection de en upon the amount to be added to eac justification s ace type over and above that designate. by the major justification signal. The pur ose of this 1s' to secure a smaller unit wit a limited range of ad"ustment. To effect this each of the fifteen egrees of movement of the quotient slide 63 is subdivided again into fifteen degrees, and the signals appro riate thereto. se-' T e quotient sli e 63 is provided ositionin ected. with a rack 80 engaging a pinion 81 fasten shaft 82, the latter carrying a disk '83 (Fig 10). This disk is provided with a series of equally spaced peripheral notches 84, and the gearing is so proportioned that for each de rec of movement of the quotient slide the disk will traverse an are equal to the distance between contiguous notches. A series of fourteen selectors 85 co6perate with this disk, each representing 1/15 of the interval between the centers. of} adjacent notches 84. The fifteenth selector has been omitted as no perforation is required for the fifteenth degree of adjustment, hence the designatin perforation alone, represents, the

'The selectors 85 are a l of exact y the same width and the'notches' 84 are each of aawidth of two selectors, to insure the entrance of at least Should two enter, the lower Eachselector 85 is carried by a pivoted-1e.-

ver 86 provided with a retracting spring 87 (Fig. 12) arid a piston 88,- the latter .working in one of a series of cylinders 89 formed in a block 90, secured to the rear of plate 43.

The rear ends of the cylinders open into aduct-91- connected through pipe 92 to a pressure supply, and each cylinder is rovided witha port 93 which is-closed by t e piston when retracted and opened when-the piston advances. The port 93 ot each cylinder is in open communication through one of a series of conduits 94 (Fig. 25) with the cylinder of oneof the positioning punches, that is 'to say, with a punch connected to one of the series of column ducts 1630, the cylinder of the foremost-selector in the direction of rotation of disk 83, being connected to column duct 16, the second to colunm duct 17, and soon. With the quotient slide in initial position i. e., retracted, the front edge of notch 84 just clears the first selector 85 and the latter free to enter. No other selector can advance until thenfront wall of the notch' clears' the second selector and at the same time interposes the rear wall in the pathofthefirst,

that all the selectors are lockedout, this inand so on in progression, each-selector in succession being alternately released and lockedout. It is only while the rear wall of the notch is traversing in front of the last or fo urteenth selector, and before the first selector is uncovered by the fiext succeeding notch} conjunction therewith, the positioning. unch correspondin to the particular se ector which is for t e'time fbeing opposite a notch in the disk. It willthus be .seen that the quotient of the roportional divider system,

represented by t e measured excursion of the quotient element, affects and controls the se lection of the a 'propriate justification signals, and it is'oiivious that this principle is not restricted in its application to a system such as'..illustrated' wherein double adjustments with'jdifferent unitsand' a limited number' of increments are controllirig features.

incidentals to this proportional divider system, .97 isa spring retracted pistofiworkctylinder 98 and provided with a gamed p1 nger for engaging the M-shaped epressionsyin bar 59 to effect the final cerc ,tering of'k'nife edge 58; 99 is a holding pawl for fbarf59 100, is the piston and cylinder for lacftuating the feeding pawl 62; 101 is a rod xattach'edlfl-to piston 102 and provided with, -pins103 for engaging the actuatin and holdmgpawlstoperrnit the return of ar 59; 104

1 is a" istonron rod 55 for returning slide 49;

105 is a brake block adapted to bear against and" hold slide 49 in ad usted position, said brake-block being connected to a lever 106 (Figs. 3, 8 and 9) pivoted at one end to the plate 43 and having its outer end connected y a'link 107 to a lever 108 whose opposite .end is connected by a link 109 to the uotient slide 63; 110 is a piston contained wit cylinder 111 and provided with a retracting spring 112 and rod 1 13, the latter pivotally attached to lever 108 near its connection with link 107, so thatthe thrust of the piston will advance and seat brake block 105 before communicating motion to the quotient slide 63.

After the automatic adjustment of the divisor and dividend elements it would ofv course be possible to advance the quotient slide by hand, or by operating a suitable valve to admit pressure to cylinder 111, and to thereafter, successively admit pressure to pipe's'75 and 92, thus actuating the previously designated or selected punches for the ma or and minor signals, but it is preferred .0005 designatin that these actions should be automatically produced by the depression of a single key corresponding to the resetting key of. the

casing 114 (Figs. 4, 14, '15, 16and 19) containing-a rotary valve 115 con tituting what is hereinafter designated as a control means inasmush as it controls the o eration of the punch or unches previous y selected or designated y the selecting system. This casing is furnished with three discharge ports of which the first in order, 116, communicates with supply pipe ertaining to the .0075 designatmg punch an the series of selector pistons 70; the second port, 117, communicates with supply pipe 92 of the punc and the selector cylinders 89; Will e the third port 118 com municates with the resetting iston 119 (indicated diagrammaticallyin, ig. 25) by which rock shaft 12 is operated, as in the prior machine. The valve 115 is furnished with a central supply chamber 120 and -a single radial discharge port @121 which successively registers with ports 116, 117 and 118 as the valve oscillates. By a single movement of the valve pressure supplied to chamber 120 will be successively admitted to the systems controlled by ports 116, 117 and 118, thereby .operatin consecutively, the selected punches oft-1e ma or and minor justification systems, followe by the return of the line measuring mechanism. 'To regulate the motion of valve 115 its shaft 122 is provided with a pinion 123 engaged by a rack -'bar 124, and with an adjustable retracting spring 125.) Rack bar 124 isfurnished with a motor piston 126 working in cylinder 127- and with "a speed governor or' piston128 working in cylinder 129, the latter provided with an inwardly opening check valve 130 and a throttled escape 131 (Fig. 18). The speed governor is designed to prevent too rapid movement of the control means and thus insure individual and consecutive action of the several members or systems controlled thereby. A second valve 132 controls the admission of pressure to m'otor cylinder 127 through-pipe 133, and, incidentally to valve 115 through branch pipe 134; to cylinder 98 through p1pe'135 for ad- "justing and locking bar 59; and to cylinder 11 1, through pipe 136, for locking the divisor element and advancing the quotient element.

The casing. 137 of said valve 132 is provided Wltll an exhaust port 138, an inlet port 139 and an intermediate port 140 communicating through pipe 141 with pipe 133. The valve 132 is furnished witha cavity 142 normally establishing communication between exhaust port 138 and ort 140, thusrelieving the system controlle thereby from pressure.

When moved to operating position the valvecloses the exhaust an admits pressure through ports 139 and 140 to the system, thereby actuating the several pistons pertaining thereto. Valve 132 which, 1nasmuch as it governs the operation of the control means, constitutes the actuator for the system, is responsive to the operations of two mechanisms the one controlled manually through the resetting key and the other automatically through the proportional divider system.

Manual control is effected as follows: Com- .municating through pipe 143 with the duct leading from the resetting key 11 (Fig. 25) is a cylinder 144 (Figs. 13, 15, 16 and 17) containing a piston 145 carrying a rack bar 146 engaging a gear segment 147 on the shaft 148 of valve '132. When the resetting key is depressed pressure is admitted to cylinder 144 to advance piston 145 against the pressure of a retracting spring149 and thus initiate the movements of the automatic justification system for roducing justification signals in the contro er. To prevent the return of valve 132 until after the justification signals have been com leted, rack bar 146 is pro- .vided with rate et teeth 150 enga ed by a pawl 151 which latter serves to hold the valve in its advanced position until 'said pawl is withdrawn, which action is preferably performed automatically upon the completion of the return movement of the line rack as will presently appear. But for the interposition of an automatic lock-out; to be described, this manual control of the justification system would permit the operator to terminate the line at any stage of the composition, in which event the justification signals would be erroneous unless such closing of the line occurred within the justification area. This lock out which prevents the formation of short lines, is represented as a latch or blade 152 (Figs. Sand 13) attached to ashaft 153 pivotally su orted on plate 43 above the rack bar 146. l iaft 153 carries an arm 154 standing between a light spring 155 and an adjustable pin on the rear end of rack bar 44 which engages the dividend element 40. So long as rack bar 44 remains inretracted position it will hold latch 152 against the tension of spring 155 in the path of rackbar 146 so that the latter cannot be advanced to operate the actuator or valve 132 but immediately rack-bar 44 begins its advance movement, which occurs when the line measuring devices or units rack 5 enters the justification area, tlie spring will tilt shaft 153 and thereby withdraw latch 152 so that rackbar 146 is free to advance under the action of the resetting key.

Automatic control of the justification system to prevent overrunning is provided for as follows, its essential elements being a motherefor in position to be actuated by the line measuring devices, or 9. art moving in unison therewith, when said part com letes the measurement of the line or, prefera ly, when it arrives at a oint distantfrom and within the terminal 0 the line equal to the width of the largest type dealt with. T he part selected for indicating the measurement of the line is the dividend element or bar 40. "Within the path traversed by said bar'is an arm 156 (Figs. 3, 13 and 14) carried by a shaft 157 pivotallysupportedain bearings on plate 43. The movement of this shaft is communicated through an arm 158 and rod 159 to a spring latch 160, the latter furnished with an engaging shoulder 161 and an inclined surface 162. A plunger 163"backed by a pressure spring 164 is supported in a casing on the rear of plate 43 in line with an arm 165 attached to segment 147 of valve 132. This plunger is held retracted by the engagement of latch 160, but when the latter is withdrawn, as by the action of bar 40 on arm 156, the plunger is advancedto engage arm 165 and thus turn valve 132 to working position. The return motion of the valve under the action ofthe resettin devices will cause reengagement of the late with' the plunger. It is desirable that the various parts be so proportioned and arranged that the latch 160 shall release the -motor plunger 163 when the arm 40 is within the Width, proportionally, of the widest ty e from the end of the line. If set earlier tiie capacity of the line will be diminished, and if set later, the line might be overrun by the insertion of a signalfor a-type whose width exceeds the space remaining in the line.

To prevent the production of character signals by the keys while the automatic devices are operating to set the mechanism preliminary to and after the operation of the justification punches, a lock-out is provided one which will automaticallyv suspend the control of the keys over the unches from the inauguration of the justifying. action'to the resetting of the mechanism, except during the brief intervals when the justification punches are advancing.

Above the end of a transmitting pin 166 resting upon the rocking frame4 overlying the punch levers 2, (Figs. 3', 13 and 15). is arranged a latch 167 adapted to be shifted into the path of said pin and thereby prevent its movement and that of the punches. The latch is provided with a toe 168 which is held under the pressure of a spring 169 in engagement with a bar 170 connected to and reciprocating in unison with the arm 165 of valve 132. This bar is furnished with a projection 171 against which the toe of latch 167 bears when the bar 170 is down and the valve 132 is open to the atmosphere. The lon itudinal movement of bar 170 incident tot e turning of valve 132 withdraws the projection 17 1 65 tor device for moving valve 132, and a trip and permits the latch to swingover pin 166,

thereb looking out the punches so long as the va ve remains open, but immediately the valve is reversed the latch is again with drawn. This looking out of the punches would interfere with the action of thejustification punches werenot special provision made for their accommodation. To this end there is provided a device for automatically withdrawing the lock coincident with the production of the justification signals. This includes two cylindeis 172 each provided with a piston 173 in position to engage the arm of latch 167 in opposition to its spring. One cylinder 172 is in communication with pressure supply pipe 77 and the other with pipe 96 so that when pressure is admitted to either of said pipes, to actuate the designating punch, piston 173 will operate to withdraw the latch and permit the rocking frame to rise.

It remains to be seen how, after the justification signals have been produced, the parts are restored to initial position preliminary to the composing of another line. This resetting mechanism includes, in part, actuating piston 102 to release the feeding and holding pawls 62 and 99 (Fig. 3) and actuating p ston 104, to retract slide 49 of the divisor element. In addition there is provided a piston 176 working in cylinder 177 (Figs. 13, 16 and 17) With ts piston rod 178 in posi tion to engage and retract rack bar 146; but

' before this can be done the holding pawl 151 must be withdrawn, for which pur ose piston rod 17 8 is furnished with a wedgear 179 for engaging an arm 180 on said pawl. This wedge bar 179 is set to act upon and withdraw pawl 151 in advance of the engagement of the piston rod with rack bar 146.

It will be remembered that the final operation of the control means or motor actuated valve 115 is to operate the resetting valve of the line measuring system, so as to effect the return of the line measuring devices to initial position. To insure a complete turn of the ine measuring devices, as for example the units motor rack 5, the lock-out against the punches is maintained in position until the former has arrived at the limit of its return movement when the punches are automatically released. With this end in view the cylinders of the release pistons 102, 104 and 176 are connected to a common supply pipe 181 (Fig. 25) the latter connected to the eduction port 182 of a justification resetting valve casing 183. This casing is attached to the support for the motor return cylinder 9 (Figs. 22, 23 and 24) and is provided with a pressure supply or inlet port 184, an exhaust port 185 and a valve 186 for alternately connecting ports 182 with 185, and 182 with 184.

Supported in hearings on the line-scale bar 187 and extending longitudinally thereof is a blade 188 provided with an arm 189 connected by a link 190 to valve 186 and upheld by the actuating s ring 191 of said valve. otally mounte in the adjustable stop 192 for the line scale rack 193 is a tri lever 194 carryinga pin 195 overlying the ree edge of blade 188. The front end of the trip lever 194'is beveled on the underside and projects slightly beyond the face of stop 192 so that it will be engaged and elevated by contact with the end of line scale rack 193 when the latter is fully retracted, in which case blade 188 will be tilted to move valve 186 against the pressure of its spring and thus cause it to establish connection between ports 184 and 182 thereby admitting pressure to supply pipe 181 and actuating the several pistons of the resetting devices. Immediately the line scale rack 193 begins itsadvance or measuring movement, which occurs when the first signal for a line is produced, valve 186 resumes its normal position, connecting ports 182 and 185 thereby opening the exhaust for the several cylinders. It may here be explained thatthe justifying space key 174 is in direct communication through pipe 175 with the cylinder 100 of the feeding pawl 62, and that pistons 100, 145 and 173 are of the self venting type employed for actuating the punches, that is, each is furnished with its own exhaust in the form of a spiral circumferential groove 196. The supply ports 139 and 180 of valve casings 137 and 183 ma be connected to the pressure chamber 13 o the keyboard or to any other suitable pressure supply.

Operation :The adjustable line scale stop havmg been set for the length of line required and the line scale rack brought up against it, all the parts will occupy their retracted positions with the exce tion of the justification resetting valve an its connection, which latter will be in operating position to admit ressure to the several resetting cylinders. he composition of matter is proceeded with by actuating the finger keys just as in the prior machine and is continued until the justification area is reached, as indicated by the line scale or other appropriate device for the urpose. The formation of the first signa for the new line permits the justification resetting valve and its resetting connections to resume their normal or retracted positions. The production of each justifymg space typesignal occurring in the line is accompanie bya movement of bar 59, radius bar 51, and a pro ortional advance of slide 49 carrying the (ivisor element or double knife edge 41. In the meantime the units motor rack has been advanced, and immediately it enters the justification area it acts through rack bar 44 to efiect a proportional advance of the dividend element 40. The operator observing that no further matter can properly be included in the line presses upon the resetting key, thereby reversing the position of the actuator or valve 132 and Piv- -: der 127 and cylinders 98 and 111.

admitting pressureto valve 1 1 5 motor-cylinmediate effect of this is to start valve 115 in motion, center and lock bar 44, lock slide 49 and advance the quotient element 42 thereby setting the interponent or punch selecting devices for the major and minor justification signals, and setting the lock out for the punches. As valve 115 advances it first acts to admit-pressure to the major justification system, withdrawing the punch-lock, and actuating the designating punch and the measuring unch. It next acts upon the minor justi cation system in the same way, withdrawing the lock-out, and actuatin the designating and measuring punches. l assing to the next port, it actuates the resetting piston of the line measuring mechanism to effect the return of the units motor rack and its connections, and when this movement has been completed, but notbefore, the resetting valve 186 is actuated, to release and return 1 the members of the proportional divider system .and to reverse valve 132, thereby cutting off pressure and ermitting return of control valve motor. hould the operator attempt to continue composition beyond the justification area, he will be prevented from so doing by the action of the automatic trip, which, by actuating controller valve 132 will not only set in motion the justiiication mechanism but prevent the punches from responding to the action of the character keys until the justification si nals for the composed line have been completed and the line measuring devices have been restored to initial osition.

Although in t illustration air under pressure has been described as the motor and transmitting medium it is obvious that known equivalents may be utilized for carrying out the principles disclosed, and further that the range and unit of the adjustments designated by the proportional divider system can be varied by a proper adjustment and proportioning of the parts and by increasing the number of interponent sections over which the quotient element exercises control.

Attention is called to the fact that in the machine illustrated the elemnet or mechanism denominated the line measurer possesses two functions, the one pertaining to the measurement of the type as the line is composed, to indicate the amount of occupied and unoccupied space,- and the other relating to the measurement of space occupied within the j ustification area, whereby the dividend element of the proportional divider is adjusted so as to represent the unoccupied portion of the line or the space to be filled by j ustification' It is this second function of the line measurer that is availed of in connection with the proportional divider system for effecting automatic justification, the

The imdividend and divisor elements constitutin a gage which is set to represent, pro ortionall y, the space remaining to be filled y justification divided "by the number of justifying spaces occurring in the line, said age determining, by its set position, the egree of motion permitted the quotient element and through the latter controlling the selection or designation of the corresponding justification signal.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent,,is:

1. In a typographic composing machine provided with a series of key-controlled signal producing devices and a line measurer, and in combination therewith, an automatic justification-signal selecting s stem including a proportional divider wl iose dividend element is controlled by the line measurer, divisor element is independently ad'ustable, and quotient element determines t e selection of the signal producing devices.

2. In a typographic composing machine provided with a series of key-controlled signal producing devices and a line measurer, and in combination therewith a just'ification signal selecting system including a proportional divider wherein the dividend, divisor and quotient elements are disposed on the lines of a right angle triangle.

3. In a typographic composing machine provided with a series of key controlled signal roducing devices and a line measuring mec anism and in combinationtherewith the following elements, to wit: a pivoted ra dius bar; a straight edge; an interponent intermediate said straight edge and radius bar and movable on intersecting planes bisecting said straight edge and radius bar respectively; and means for adjusting one of said elements proportionally to the deficiency of the line and for adjusting another of said elements proportionally to the number of interword space type contained in said inc.

4. In a proportional divider system for typographic composing machines the combination with the dividend, divisor and quotient elements, of a differential control-mechanism for the divisor element' the same com prising a pivoted radius bar, a slide carrying a bearing engaging said radius bar and movable in a plane to one side of the'axis thereof, 

